Yang dimaksud dari standar OHSAS 18001 adalah:
* Sistem manajemen keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja
* Singkatan dari OHSAS yaitu Occupational Health and Safety Assesment Series
* OHSAS dikembangkan oleh British Standards Institute
* Standar sukarela
Standar OHSAS 18001 ini mencakup:
-Kebijakan K3 (OH&S)
-Perencanaan
-Pelaksanaan dan operasi
-Pemeriksaan
-Tinjauan Manajemen
-Perbaikan berkelanjutan.
Keuntungan menjalankan program OHSAS:
+Meningkatkan kinerja keselamatan
+Meningkatkan team work, produktifitas dan moral
+Menciptakan tempat kerja yang sehat dan selamat bagi karyawan
+Meningkatkan kinerja kesehatan dan lingkungan
+memperbaiki schedule dan mutu
+menurunkan kompensasi pekerja dan biaya kecelakaan.
PENJELASAN
I. Pernyataan kebijakan komitmen
>Melaksanakan perbaikan berkelanjutan
>Melaksanakan peraturan perundangan K3L
>Mendokumentasikan, menerapkan dan memeliharanya
>Mengkomunikasikan ke seluruh karyawan
>Meninjau secara periodic untuk menjamin bahwa kebijakannya masih sesuai.
II. Perencanaan
>Identifikasi bahaya dan penilaian resiko dan penetapan pengendalian
>Peraturan perundangan dan persyaratan lainnya
>Sasaran dan program
III. Pelaksanaan dan opearasi
>Training
>Komunikasi, partisipasi dan konsultasi
>Pengendalian operasi
>Tanggap Darurat
IV. Pemeriksaan
>Pemantauan dan pengukuran kinerja
>Evaluasi kepatuhan
>Investigasi kejadian, ketidaksesuaian, tindakan koreksi dan pencegahan
>Pengendalian catatan
>Internal audit
V. Tinjauan manajemen input
>Hasil internal audit dan evaluasi kepatuhan
>Hasil partisipasi dan konsultasi
>Komunikasi external termasuk keluhan
>Kinerja K3 perusahaan
>Pengembangan sasaran yang tercapai
>Status investigasi kejadian, tindakan koreksi dan pencegahan
>Tindak lanjut dari tinjauan manajemen sebelumnya
>Perubahan pertauran perundangan
>Rekomendasi perbaikan berlanjut
VI. Tinjauan manajemen output
>Kinerja K3
>kebijakan dan sasaran K3
>Sumberdaya
>Elemen lain dari sistem manajemen K3
*Orientasi basic training program
Jumat, 27 April 2012
Selasa, 24 April 2012
Rumus Konversi Suhu
RUMUS KONVERSI SUHU
Dari Celsius
Skala yang diinginkan
|
Formula
|
kelvin
|
K = °C +
273,15
|
Fahrenheit
|
°F = °C ×
1,8 + 32
|
Rankine
|
°Ra = °C ×
1,8 + 491,67
|
Delisle
|
°De = (100
− °C) × 1,5
|
Newton
|
°N = °C ×
33/100
|
Réaumur
|
°Ré = °C ×
0,8
|
Rømer
|
°Rø = °C ×
21/40 + 7,5
|
Dari kelvin
Skala yang diinginkan
|
Formula
|
Celsius
|
°C = K −
273,15
|
Fahrenheit
|
°F = K ×
1,8 − 459,67
|
Rankine
|
°Ra = K × 1,8
|
Delisle
|
°De =
(373,15 − K) × 1,5
|
Newton
|
°N = (K −
273,15) × 33/100
|
Réaumur
|
°Ré = (K −
273,15) × 0,8
|
Rømer
|
°Rø = (K −
273,15) × 21/40 + 7,5
|
Dari Fahrenheit
Skala yang dinginkan
|
Formula
|
kelvin
|
K = (°F +
459,67) / 1,8
|
Celsius
|
°C = (°F −
32) / 1,8
|
Rankine
|
°Ra = °F +
459,67
|
Delisle
|
°De = (212
− °F) × 5/6
|
Newton
|
°N = (°F −
32) × 11/60
|
Réaumur
|
°Ré = (°F
− 32) / 2,25
|
Rømer
|
°Rø = (°F
− 32) × 7/24 + 7,5
|
Dari Rankine
Skala yang diinginkan
|
Formula
|
kelvin
|
K = °Ra /
1,8
|
Celsius
|
°C = °Ra /
1,8 + 273,15
|
Fahrenheit
|
°F = °Ra -
459,67
|
Delisle
|
°De =
(671,67 − °Ra) × 5/6
|
Newton
|
°N = (°Ra
− 491,67) × 11/60
|
Réaumur
|
°Ré = (°Ra
/ 1,8 + 273,15) × 0,8
|
Rømer
|
°Rø = (°Ra
− 491,67) × 7/24 + 7,5
|
Dari Réaumur
Skala yang diinginkan
|
Formula
|
kelvin
|
K = °Ré /
0,8 + 273,15
|
Celsius
|
°C = °Ré /
0,8
|
Fahrenheit
|
°F = °Ré ×
2,25 + 32
|
Rankine
|
°Ra = °Ré
× 2,25 + 491,67
|
Delisle
|
°De = (80
− °Ré) × 1,875
|
Newton
|
°N = °Ré ×
33/80
|
Rømer
|
°Rø = °Ré
× 21/32 + 7,5
|
Senin, 16 April 2012
Tips on Finding the Right Contractor
The
interior design of a space is more than just finding the right rug or
color paint. It's also about the overall aesthetic of the room, which is
why many people opt to hire a professional contractor when remodeling. A
contractor is typically a person who manages the entire project,
bringing in a crew to complete the work, or perhaps even doing much of
the work alone. Here are a few tips and tricks for finding the right
contractor for your home remodeling project.
Look for Specialties
Depending
on what type of remodeling you're doing, you may want to look for a
contractor who specializes in your type of remodel. For example, if
you're looking to remodel your kitchen, you'll want to work with someone
who specializes in kitchen designs, or has plenty of experience with
kitchen remodels. The same goes if you are looking to remodel existing
bathroom designs or perhaps the exterior of your home. You want someone
who specializes in and has extensive knowledge of that particular
project.
Ask Questions
A
contractor is not necessarily a "cover-all." In some instances, you'll
need to hire additional help such as an architect or an interior
designer. Then, these two people will work on the designs of these
different spaces, whether it be a bedroom design, kitchen design,
bathroom design or even game room designs. Upon your approval of said
design, work together with the contractor to turn the space from a
vision into a reality.
That
being said, it's important to ask questions. Inquire if additional
designers are needed to create the space. Ask what types of brands or
cabinetry will be used in any space. Don't be afraid to ask for a
portfolio of work, as a picture is worth a thousand words! Finally, and
perhaps most importantly, ask for references to see if past customers
were satisfied with the work.
Work Together
It
is also worthwhile to note that you need to work together with your
contractor to get the room of your dreams, whether it's kitchen designs
or bathroom designs, or any other space in the home. You are not giving
your contractor free-range to remodel as they see fit. They're there to
create a space that you'll love, so you need to have your say in the
space!
You
should have an input in everything from the materials used in the home,
to colors, styles, designs, patterns, textures, cabinetry, appliances
and so forth. If you're not happy with an item or a look, it shouldn't
go in!
However,
if you wait until the item has already gone in before saying you're
unhappy, don't be surprised when you're still charged for it. This is
especially true for kitchen designs or bathroom designs, which tend to
be the most costly of all remodels.
That
being said, try to avoid last minute changes in the space: this
includes kitchen designs, living room designs and other schemes. This
costs the contractor not only time, but also money. Don't expect your
contractor to be financially responsible for your choices. If you choose
white subway tile and then decide it's not for you once it's installed,
you are responsible for covering the costs of replacing it. Therefore,
be absolutely sure of your choices!
Remodeling
can help you achieve the look of your dreams. However, there are
certain things you should do when looking to hire a contractor, such as
asking questions, contacting references, and so forth.
Source: http://remodelinghellbook.blogspot.com/2011/12/tips-on-finding-right-contractor.html
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